FPA150 REPORT (OCTOBER- MARCH 2023/2024)

     

 FPA150 REPORT: FIELDWORK II

SYAFIQAH SAHIRA  BINTI SAIDI (2023103831)

M3AT1102D

WEEK 7 (24 NOVEMBER 2023)

WEED, PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL IN NURSERY

VENUE: NURSERY PLOT

SUBMISSION DATE: 29 NOVEMBER 2023

Hi assalamualaikum dear readers. I would like to be thank to all of you for always check out on my page and read my fieldwork journey. I hope you have an amazing mid semester break and in a good condition. In this blog, I will share with you about what I have learnt since week 7 until week 9. It was wonderful class session with a practicle to do along with my classmate! 

There are a lot of knowledge that I have gained regarding weed, pest and disease control in nursery. Before I continue, do you know what is weed, pest and disease? 

Weeds are unwanted plants that compete for resources with crops in agriculture. Pests are organisms that harm or destroy crops, such as insects or rodents. In the context of agriculture, "disease" refers to illnesses that impact plants and are brought on by pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, or viruses. Effective management of these variables is essential for productive crop cultivation.

What will happen if you do not cure them from the start? 

• Firstly it will reduced crop yield. Crops may experience a decrease in yield as a result of competition from weeds, pests, and diseases for vital resources like sunlight, water, and nutrients. 
• Next, it will result in higher production costs. By adding pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides to the mix is often necessary to control diseases, weeds, and pests. Farmers' costs of production may rise dramatically as a result. 
• In addition, the utilization of chemical control techniques for the management of weeds, pests, and diseases may result in adverse environmental consequences, including contamination of water and soil. Furthermore, it could damage organisms that are not its intended target, reducing biodiversity in agricultural ecosystems.

To prevent those thing from happen, there are a few ways you can do. For instance, using herbicides, which are substances created expressly to destroy or stop the growth of weeds, is known as chemical weed control. Both selective and non-selective herbicides can destroy a wide variety of plant species. Selective herbicides target particular kinds of weeds. Among them are 2,4-D and glyphosate. Without the use of chemicals, mechanical weed control entails physically pulling or destroying weeds. Manual weeding, hoeing, plowing, and mowing are examples of mechanical methods. These methods stop weeds from growing and taking resources away from crops.

So during class, my friends and I practiced hand removal at nursery plot. 

This is our nursery plot.

Actually, after done with weeding at nursery plot, we supposed to do chemical herbicides. Somehow the weather became rainy and it cannot be done if raining. Other than that, we did not have proper attire such as P.E suit to wear while dealing with poison. 

At the end of fieldwork, I received water spinach from lecturer part 1 and I was sooo happy. I shared with my friends and eat for lunch. Alhamdulilah : D

WEEK 8 (1 DECEMBER 2023)

PROPAGATION TECHNIQUES 

VENUE: NURSERY PLOT 

SUBMISSION DATE: 6 DECEMBER 2023

On the 8th week, I started my day with Fajr prayer together with Part 1,2 and 3 at Surau At Taqwa. After finish with assembly at Agrotech, all of students of part 2 gathered at nursery plot to learn about propagation. 

The process of growing new plants from older ones is known as plant propagation. Numerous techniques, such as division, grafting, tissue culture, cloning, and seeds, can be used to accomplish this. Every technique has benefits and is applied based on the kind of plant and intended result. Generally speaking, there are various types of plant propagation methods:

1. Sexual Propagation: 

• Seeds: Plants are propagated by seeds, which are genetically derived from both parent plants.  

2. Asexual Propagation: Cuttings: Using chopped stems, leaves, or roots to create new plants.

•  Grafting: The process of growing a new plant by joining a stem or bud (scion) from one plant to the rootstock of another.
• Layering: allowing a stem to split off from its parent plant after roots have begun to form on it in order to produce a new plant.
• Division: The process of dividing an established plant into sections, each with its own roots and shoots.
• Tissue culture, also known as micropropagation, is the process of growing plants in a controlled laboratory setting using small amounts of plant tissue. These methods offer flexibility and are chosen based on factors like plant species, goals of propagation, and environmental conditions.

Of course, plant propagation has the following three main benefits:

1. Genetic Diversity: The introduction of genetic diversity through sexual propagation via seeds promotes adaptation and evolution in plant populations.

2. Quick Multiplication: Asexual propagation techniques facilitate the quick multiplication of plants that exhibit desired characteristics, guaranteeing more rapid and consistent production.

3. Preservation of Desirable Traits: Plant propagation allows for the preservation and perpetuation of specific traits, such as disease resistance or ornamental features, ensuring consistency in cultivated plants.

❗️💢❗️BE CAREFUL WHILE DEALING WITH SHARP THINGS!

MY FRIENDS PRACTICED PROPAGATION TOGETHER

MADAM MARYAM DID BUDDING WITH HER STUDENT 

WE WERE HAVING MUCH FUN :D

That's all for plant propagation lesson. I'm leaving a video for you to see and try plant propagation at home. Enjoy! 

WEEK 9 (8 DECEMBER 2023)

ROOT PRUNING AND TRANSPLANTING THE YOUNG SEEDLING

VENUE: LADANG KELAPA SAWIT 

SUBMISSION DATE: 13 DECEMBER 2023

Assalamualaikum everyone. Hello and welcome, dear readers! Delighted to have you join us in this digital space where ideas flourish and conversations thrive. Gratitude fills my words as I express heartfelt thanks to each of you for continuing this journey with me. Your unwavering support and engagement make this shared adventure all the more meaningful. Here's to the chapters we've explored and those yet to unfold! 

On this week, we have learned about harvesting and practiced at Ladang Kelapa Sawit UiTM Jasin. Here are some photos that my friends took. 

H A R V E S T I N G 

Harvesting is the process of removing fully grown crops from the fields in agriculture. At the height of their ripeness, crops like grains, fruits, or vegetables are cut, gathered, and collected. The aim is to produce as much high-quality produce as possible. In the agricultural cycle, harvesting is an essential stage that culminates the growing season and prepares crops for storage, consumption, or additional processing.

What is the harvesting process for palm oil?

The oil palm fruit knows it is ripe and ready to be harvested when it turns a bright reddish-orange color. After harvesting the FFB with a chisel or long sickle, it is taken to a mill to undergo processing.

What is the amount of palm oil produced by one tree?

The environment has a significant impact on oil palm yields, which are also influenced by the age of the plant. Usually weighing five to twenty kilograms or more, oil palms produce FFBs. In summary, fully grown palms in Malaysia and Indonesia have the potential to yield between 18 and 30 tons of fruit fly ash per hectare annually.

Several tools can be used to cut off the clusters.

For oil palms 4 to 7 years old

Cut the clusters with a chisel.

Slip the chisel between the stem and the leaf; in this way you can cut off the cluster without cutting the leaf below it.

For oil palms 7 to 12 years old

Cut the clusters with a machete.

If the clusters are too high up, climb up the tree by putting your feet on the base of the leaves.

For oil palms older than 12 years

Cut the clusters with a long-armed sickle.

After that, we took a break before do some maintenance at our ladang angkat which is nursery plot. I hope you learn something and improve your knowledge. Don't forget to watch short video below before you exit from my page! ><